Scope of Work 101: Setting Your Project Up for Success

As an independent contractor, there are many things to think about when starting a client relationship, such as making sure all contracts and paperwork are completed. One important document to include is a scope of work (SOW), also known as a statement of work, which helps set clear expectations and terms for the project from the start. 

What Is a Project Scope of Work?

A scope of work (or statement of work) defines how a project will be executed through specific tasks, activities, deliverables, and timelines. It also provides important legal protections for both you and your client. While many people associate SOWs with enterprise projects, they are equally important for small businesses. In fact, SOWs can be helpful to anyone who is working with a client on a project that they must complete in a specific time frame for a specific price. 

A SOW is essential to any independent contractor-client relationship. It sets clear boundaries, provides guidelines to measure performance against project goals, and outlines payment terms. This document helps establish a strong foundation for your working relationship and reduces the risk of ambiguity or misunderstandings later on. 

Learn More: MBO’s Client Relationships Guide

Why Is a Project Scope of Work Important?

The main purpose of a SOW is to turn you and your client’s project vision into clear, actionable details. Think of it as a key communication tool—use it to align on goals and expectations so both of you stay on track. When writing a SOW, it’s important to outline everything clearly since both you and your client will sign it, making it a legal agreement. 

As an independent contractor, you know that disagreements can happen on any project. A clear and thorough SOW can outline steps to resolve disputes if they come up, minimizing future frustration. For example, some clients might ask for small additions, changes, or deliverables that could lead to scope creep over time.  

With a SOW in place, you have a reference point. If changes come up that weren’t part of the original scope of work, you can discuss a new plan, budget, and timeline for project additions. 

SOWs also help avoid billing confusion. By including payment details like project cost, payment methods, and deadlines, you make sure clients are held accountable. Since the SOW is a signed contract, your client is legally bound to stick to the agreed terms. 

Check Out: Client Relationships Guide: Ways to Build Strong Relationships with Clients 

What Should I Include in a Scope of Work?

Be sure to develop a SOW at the beginning of any new project so you can use it to discuss and manage expectations from the start. While the content of your specific SOW will depend on your particular project, industry, and client, you’ll likely need to include the following: 

Purpose of the Project

This opening section explains why the project is happening and what it’s meant to accomplish. It sets the stage and gives helpful context for everything that follows. 

Work That Will Be Performed

Spell out the exact tasks, activities, and deliverables you’re handling. Whether you’re building a website, running a marketing campaign, or leading a training session, be clear about what you’re bringing to the table. 

Work That Will Not Be Performed

Identifying exclusions helps reduce misunderstandings. For example, a web designer may note that ongoing site maintenance is not included unless otherwise agreed upon. 

Process for Change Orders

Projects can change, and that’s perfectly normal. Having a clear process for how to submit, approve, and price those changes makes it easier to stay on track when things shift. 

Roles and Responsibilities

Outline who is responsible for what. Assigning roles to both you and your client helps promote accountability and avoid confusion during the project. 

Timeline for Work

Specify the start and end dates, key deadlines, and major milestones. This creates a shared understanding of the project schedule and progress markers. 

Performance Measurement

Spell out how you’ll track progress and measure success. This might include specific milestones, check-ins on deliverables, or regular feedback from your client to make sure everything’s running smoothly. 

Payment Terms

Clearly outline the total budget, payment method, and schedule. Whether payments are due at the end, delivered in phases, or billed monthly, make sure the terms are easy to understand to avoid any confusion.

Think of a project scope of work as a roadmap for your project—it should outline clear terms, agreements, and processes. While it’s important to be specific about goals and expectations, it’s equally important to stay flexible and realistic as you work with your client on this document. Use your SOW to ensure you and your client are aligned and kick things off with open communication. 

Want help creating an Scope of Work (SOW) for your next project? Download our SOW template to use as a guide so you can determine the right SOW format for you. 

More Contracts Advice and Other Resources for Independent Contractors

If you need further support as an independent contractor, MBO’s blog offers valuable information on contracts, finance, taxes, technology, and more. These tools and resources are designed to help you build a successful career. Check out MBO’s blog for expert advice and insights to guide you along the way. 

If you’re looking for your next work opportunity, MBO’s talent marketplace offers a wide range of options tailored to independent professionals. Explore the latest opportunities to find projects that match your skills and expertise, helping you grow your independent career on your terms.